Declare the HTTP status code when triggering an error within a service

Question

Declare the HTTP status code when triggering an error within a service

When one of my services fails, I aim to provide the correct HTTP status code back to the client.

Imagine a basic express app where a service getUserById(userId) {...} is accessed from a controller. This service might fail due to various reasons such as an invalid user id, a bug in the code, or simply because the requested user does not exist. In order to send back the appropriate HTTP status codes (400, 500, and 404), I would need to somehow include them with the error when it's thrown within my service. How can this be achieved and are there any recommended practices? Or maybe I have misunderstood something?

Currently, I handle it like this:

throw { message: 'No user with this ID exists', status: 404 }

However, I do realize that this approach may not be sustainable since it goes against the concept that one should stick to using standard errors only.

javascript rest express error-handling http-status-codes

Answer 1

Answer №1

To add custom properties to an error object, you can create a new error and then attach the desired properties.

let err = new Error('No user with this ID exists');
err.status = 404;
throw err;

Another approach is to encapsulate this process in a function:

function error(msg, status = 500) {
    let err = new Error('No user with this ID exists');
    err.status = status;
    throw err;
}

You may also opt to create your own subclass of Error:

class MyError extends Error {
    constructor(msg, status = 500) {
        super(msg);
        this.status = status;
    }
}

Then you can use it like so:

throw new MyError('No user with this ID exists', 404);

Answer 2

To add custom properties to an error object, you can create a new error and then attach the desired properties.

let err = new Error('No user with this ID exists');
err.status = 404;
throw err;

Another approach is to encapsulate this process in a function:

function error(msg, status = 500) {
    let err = new Error('No user with this ID exists');
    err.status = status;
    throw err;
}

You may also opt to create your own subclass of Error:

class MyError extends Error {
    constructor(msg, status = 500) {
        super(msg);
        this.status = status;
    }
}

Then you can use it like so:

throw new MyError('No user with this ID exists', 404);

Declare the HTTP status code when triggering an error within a service

Answer №1

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