Deciphering the Results of AngularJS

What sets 'template' apart from 'templateUrl' in AngularJS directive?

index.html:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" ng-app="app">
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>Index</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <child-a-drtv></child-a-drtv>
    <script src="angular.js"></script>
    <script src="app.js"></script>
  </body>
</html>

app.js:

var app = angular.module('app', []);
app.directive('childADrtv', function () {
    return {
        restrict: 'E',
        templateUrl: 'child-A-template.html',
        //template: 'A<child-b-drtv></child-b-drtv>',
        controller: function ($scope) {
            console.log('childA Controller');
        },
        link: function () {
            console.log('childA Link');
        }
    };
})

app.directive('childBDrtv', function () {
    return {
        restrict: 'E',
        templateUrl: 'child-B-template.html',
        //template: 'B<child-c-drtv></child-c-drtv>',
        controller: function ($scope) {
            console.log('childB Controller');
        },
        link: function () {
            console.log('childB Link');
        }
    };
})

app.directive('childCDrtv', function () {
    return {
        restrict: 'E',
        templateUrl: 'child-C-template.html',
        //template: 'C',
        controller: function ($scope) {
            console.log('childC Controller');
        },
        link: function () {
            console.log('childC Link');
        }
    };
});

child-A-template.html:

A<child-b-drtv></child-b-drtv>

child-B-template.html:

B<child-c-drtv></child-c-drtv>

child-C-template.html:

C

Output:

childA Controller
childA Link
childB Controller
childB Link
childC Controller
childC Link

Using 'template' instead of 'templateUrl' yields a different output. app.js:

var app = angular.module('app', []);
app.directive('childADrtv', function () {
    return {
        restrict: 'E',
        //templateUrl: 'child-A-template.html',
        template: 'A<child-b-drtv></child-b-drtv>',
        controller: function ($scope) {
            console.log('childA Controller');
        },
        link: function () {
            console.log('childA Link');
        }
    };
})

app.directive('childBDrtv', function () {
    return {
        restrict: 'E',
        //templateUrl: 'child-B-template.html',
        template: 'B<child-c-drtv></child-c-drtv>',
        controller: function ($scope) {
            console.log('childB Controller');
        },
        link: function () {
            console.log('childB Link');
        }
    };
})

app.directive('childCDrtv', function () {
    return {
        restrict: 'E',
        //templateUrl: 'child-C-template.html',
        template: 'C',
        controller: function ($scope) {
            console.log('childC Controller');
        },
        link: function () {
            console.log('childC Link');
        }
    };
});

Output:

childA Controller
childB Controller
childC Controller
childC Link
childB Link
childA Link

Answer №1

If you visit this website you will discover the following information. This should help clarify your output

templateUrl

This works similarly to a template, but the content is retrieved from a specific URL asynchronously.

Since template loading happens asynchronously, the compiler will pause compilation of directives on that element until the template has been loaded. In the meantime, it will continue to compile and link sibling and parent elements as if there were no directives present. The compiler doesn't halt the entire process waiting for templates to load because that would cause the whole application to "freeze" until all templates are fetched - even in cases where only one deeply nested directive requires a templateUrl.

Even if the template is already stored in the $templateCache, the loading process remains asynchronous

Therefore, when you use templateUrl in your code, Angular makes an asynchronous call to retrieve the content while continuing to execute its own linking function.

On the other hand, when using a template without any external calls, Angular starts compiling your template immediately and proceeds to invoke the next directive controller. As it reaches the final directive, it returns by executing the link function from C to A.

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