Customizing your year format using the .tickValues() function in D3

Currently, I am in the process of creating a function for the .tickValues method on my X axis. The goal is to display the first year in my data array as the full year (2000) while the subsequent years are displayed as: '01, '02, '03.. and so on.

Below you can find the scale, axis, and dataset information:

var xScale = d3.time.scale()
.range([0, width])
.domain(d3.extent(dataset, function(d) { return d.year }));

var xAxis = d3.svg.axis()
.scale(xScale)
.orient("bottom");

var dataset = [
{ year: "2000", age1: 31, age2: 10, age3: 32, age4: 27 },
{ year: "2001", age1: 32, age2: 12, age3: 30, age4: 26 },
{ year: "2002", age1: 24, age2: 19, age3: 32, age4: 25 },
{ year: "2003", age1: 26, age2: 18, age3: 31, age4: 25 },
{ year: "2004", age1: 22, age2: 17, age3: 34, age4: 27 },
{ year: "2005", age1: 24, age2: 17, age3: 33, age4: 26 },
{ year: "2006", age1: 31, age2: 15, age3: 32, age4: 22 },
{ year: "2007", age1: 30, age2: 15, age3: 35, age4: 20 },
{ year: "2008", age1: 27, age2: 18, age3: 31, age4: 24 },
{ year: "2009", age1: 25, age2: 15, age3: 35, age4: 25 },
{ year: "2010", age1: 34, age2: 12, age3: 33, age4: 21 },
{ year: "2011", age1: 31, age2: 14, age3: 32, age4: 23 },
{ year: "2012", age1: 27, age2: 18, age3: 30, age4: 25 },
{ year: "2013", age1: 25, age2: 20, age3: 35, age4: 20 }
];

// Convert years to dates
var parseDate = d3.time.format("%Y").parse;

dataset.forEach(function(d) {
    d.year = parseDate(d.year);
}); 

I have already created a function that formats the years as '01, '02, etc:

 var formatYear = d3.time.format("'" +"%y");

However, when I try to apply this function within the .tickValues() method, it does not seem to work as intended:

xAxis.tickValues( function(d){ if(d==dataset[0].year){return d;}else{return formatYear(d);} } );

Answer №1

Utilize the .tickValues() method to determine which values will have ticks on the axis, rather than controlling how they are formatted. For formatting purposes, make use of the .tickFormat() method.

In your code snippet, it seems like you are approaching things in the wrong order. It is advisable to first define your data and convert values into dates before setting the domain for your scale.

Considering that you are converting year values into Date objects, utilize the unary + operator when creating your scale to coerce them into milliseconds...

var xScale = d3.time.scale()
  .range([0, width])
  .domain(d3.extent(dataset, function(d) { return +d.year; }));

...which can be incorporated into the function passed to .tickFormat():

var xAxis = d3.svg.axis()
.scale(xScale)
.orient("bottom")
.tickFormat(function(d) {
  // Display full year if ends in 00
  if (d3.time.format('%Y')(d).slice(-2) === '00') {
    return d3.time.format('%Y')(d);
  } else {
    // Shorten to final 2 digits otherwise
    return d3.time.format('\'%y')(d);
  }
})
.ticks(d3.time.year, 1);

The benefit of using date objects rather than year strings for scales is showcased by specifying the time-interval for ticks. In this case, a tick is set for every year.

View a demonstration on JSFiddle

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