While it may not be the most aesthetically pleasing solution, here is an alternative to the proposed solution.

http://jsfiddle.net/DrQ77/84/

function QuestionController($scope) {
    $scope.answers = {};
    $scope.tempOption = "";
    $scope.questions = [
    {
        "text": "Gender?",
        "name": "GenderQuestion",
        "options": ["Male", "Female"]},
    {
        "text": "Favorite color?",
        "name": "ColorQuestion",
        "options": ["Red", "Blue", "Green"]}
    ];

    $scope.showAnswers = function () {
      console.log($scope.answers);
    };

    $scope.pumpOption = function (name, tempOption) {
      $scope.answers[name] = tempOption;
    };
};

<ul ng-repeat="question in questions">
    <li>
        <div>{{question.text}}</div>
        <select ng-model="tempOption" ng-options="opt for opt in question.options" ng-change="pumpOption(question.name, tempOption)">
        </select>
    </li>
</ul>    

In this implementation, we store the selected option in the select tag's value into a variable called $scope.tempOption.

We then trigger a function upon the ng-change event on the select tag, where we pass the values of $scope.tempOption and {{question.name}} associated with the select tag.

This function sets answers[name] to the current value of $scope.tempOption.

I hope this solution serves you well, best of luck :)

var data = {
    colors:["Red","Blue","Green","Black","White"],
    genders:["Male", "Female"],
    topics:["Gender", "Color"],
    categories:["Favorite", "Least favorite"],
};

function createQuestion(topic, category){
    return (category+1 ? data.categories[category] + ' ' : '') 
    + ' ' + data.topics[topic] + '?'
}

function QuestionController($scope){

    $scope.Answers = {};
    $scope.Questions = [
        {
            "Text": createQuestion(0),
            "Name": "GenderQuestion",
            "Options": data.genders 
        },{
            "Text": createQuestion(1,0),
            "Name": "ColorQuestion",
            "Options": data.colors.slice(0,3)
        },{
            "Text": createQuestion(0,1),
            "Name": "SexistQuestion",
            "Options": data.genders
        },{
            "Text": createQuestion(1,1),
            "Name": "RacistQuestion",
            "Options":data.colors.slice(3)
        }
    ];

    $scope.ShowAnswers = function()
    {
        console.log($scope.Answers);
    };
}    

Alright, no more joking around. Have you experimented with using a flat related object relational table approach rather than nesting?

{
  sections:[
    { "Name": 'Personal', "questions":[0], sub:[1] },
    { "Name": 'SubPersonal', "questions":[3], sub:[]},
    { "Name": 'Random',   "questions":[1,2], sub:[] }
  ],
  questions:[
    { "Name":"Gender",     "Text":"Gender?",         "Options":["Male", "Female"] },
    { "Name":"Color",      "Text":"Favorite Color?", "Options":["Red","Blue","Green"] },
    { "Name":"LivingWith", "Text":"Living With?",    "Options":["Alone","Someone"] },
    { "Name":"Random",     "Text":"SectionLess",     "Options":["opt1", "opt2"] }
  ]
}

all you need to do is initialize $scope.Answer = {}; and connect ng-model to it. Check out the example here: http://jsfiddle.net/2AwLM/40/

Hey there! This task turned out to be more challenging than expected, but I believe I've got it right. To achieve what you're looking for, you'll need to utilize a directive that dynamically generates its template HTML. It's even better to use templateUrl and a function that passes in the type.

For a quick overview, check out the fiddle at http://jsfiddle.net/cirrusinno/SzaNW/2

The structure of the HTML is quite straightforward

<div ng-controller="questionsController">

<!-- Render section or question for each item in Questions -->
<div ng-repeat="item in Questions">
    <!-- Ignore root sections here -->
    <question item="item"></question>
</div>

You'll have to develop a directive that can handle rendering both questions and sections. It should also keep track of the current section to assemble the answers

.directive('question', ['$compile', '$templateCache', function ($compile, $templateCache) {
    var generateHtmlTemplate = function (item, section) {
        return item.type != 'section' ?
        // Render the question    
        'question ' + item.name + '<br/>' +
            '<select ng-model="optionValue" ng-options="opt for opt in item.options" ng-change="pushAnswer(item.name, section, optionValue)"></select>' :
        // Or the template for a section
        '<br/><hr/>.section ' + item.sectionName + '<br/>' +
            '<div ng-repeat="q in item.questions"><question item="q" section="item"></question></div><hr/>';
    }

    var currentSection = null;

    return {
        scope: {
            item: '=',
            section: '='
        },
        restrict: 'E',
        link: function ($scope, element, attrs) {
            // Check current section
            if ($scope.item.type == 'section') {
                // Set new current section
                $scope.currentSection = $scope.item;
            } else {
                // Use section passed in from parent section
                $scope.currentSection = $scope.section;
            }

            // Get template HTML
            var t = generateHtmlTemplate($scope.item, $scope.currentSection);

            // Set the scope function to set the value
            $scope.pushAnswer = function (q, section, value) {
                // Build the Answers object here as needed...
                if (section != null) {
                    console.log('pushAnswer q=' + q.name + ' - section=' + section.sectionName + ' - value=' + value);
                } else {
                    console.log('pushAnswer q=' + q.name + ' - section=rootSection - value=' + value);
                }

            };

            // Inject the template into the element
            element.html(t);

            // Compile it and return it
            $compile(element.contents())($scope);
        },
    };
}])