Can you explain the purpose of the window.constructor and global.constructor functions in JavaScript?

Can someone explain the purpose of this function? I've been searching for information but can't find anything.

I tested it in Firefox:

window.constructor()
// TypeError: Illegal constructor

new window.constructor()
// TypeError: Illegal constructor

In NodeJS, it simply returns an empty object:

constructor()
// {}

Just to provide context as to why I'm asking, I'm encountering an issue with my Scheme interpreter when using similar code in NodeJS:

(define-class Foo (constructor (lambda (self) (print "<new>"))))

The problem arises because the parent object is missing. In NodeJS, constructor() will return a function if used like this:

constructor(function foo() { })
// [Function: foo]

As a result, my code checking whether the parent is a function fails in NodeJS.

I don't know how to revise my define-class function, but I'm simply trying to understand what constructor() does and if there is any documentation available for it.

Answer №1

Both Node and browsers have their own interpretations of ECMAScript (also referred to as the ECMA262 Standard), and neither defines a symbol named Window. The definition of this interface can be found in the HTML Standard, which also does not define the constructor property.

The global object is defined by ECMA262, with the emphasis on it being:

The global object:

  • is created before any execution context is entered.
  • does not have a [[Construct]] internal method; thus, it cannot be used as a constructor with the new operator.
  • does not have a [[Call]] internal method, meaning it cannot be called as a function.
  • has a [[Prototype]] internal slot with a value that is host-defined.
  • may contain properties that are also host-defined, in addition to those specified in this specification. This could include a property whose value is the global object itself.

In essence, the term host-defined essentially implies "defined by an external specification or implementation," such as the HTML Standard or Node.

To put it simply, global.constructor/window.constructor is a detail that varies based on implementation.

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