Can you explain the function of v-bind within Vue?

I recently started learning Vue and decided to follow a video tutorial by Traversy Media on Youtube

In the tutorial, the instructor used v-bind but I struggled to understand its usage.

Despite my efforts, I still find the documentation a bit challenging to grasp.

Here is the code snippet we are working with:

<template>
  <div id="app">
    <p>{{msg}}</p>
    <Todos v-bind:todos="todos" />
  </div>
</template>

<script>
import Todos from "./components/todo.vue";
let todo = [
  {
    name: "Rohit",
    title: "Full Stack Developer"
  },
  {
    name: "Varun",
    title: "Head of Marketing"
  },
];

export default {
  name: "app",
  components: {
    HelloWorld,
    Todos
  },
  data() {
    return {
      msg: "hello",
      todos: todo
    };
  }
};
</script>

Question:1 Can someone break down this code snippet for me?

 <Todos v-bind:todos="todos" />

I am curious about the usage of v-bind and why the value of todos is set as a string. (I understand that todos are being passed to a child component as props)

Furthermore, in the todo.vue file, the instructor does something like this:

<template>
  <div v-bind:key="todo.id" v-for="todo in todos">
      <h3>{{todo.title}}</h3>
 </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  name: "Todos",
  props: ["todos"] 
};
</script>

Question:2 I am a bit confused here. Why is an array used in props in the export default statement? props: ["todos"]? Comparatively, in the boilerplate code, they simply specify the data type like this props: {msg: String}. Why use props: ["todos"] in this case?

export default {
  name: "HelloWorld",
  props: {
    //We are defining the message type here
    msg: String
  }
};

Question 3: Finally, in this particular line:

 <div v-bind:key="todo.id" v-for="todo in todos">
      <h3>{{todo.title}}</h3>

I understand the purpose of v-bind:key="todo.id", but I am still uncertain about v-bind itself and where it should be used.

Answer №1

Question 1:

When working with Vue, you have the ability to pass props to child components. If you were to use: todos="todos", the todos prop would be equal to the string todos. However, by using v-bind:todos or :todos, it allows the prop to be the JavaScript variable todos, which is referencing the todos data from the data function.

Question 2:

In Vue, there are various ways to reference props. Declaring them in an array is shorter, but it lacks the ability to validate the props. By declaring props in an object, you can specify the type of prop (e.g. String, Array, Object) as well as set defaults and specify required props.

props: {
   msg: {
     type: String,
     required: true,
     default: ''
   }
}

Question 3:

The provided example will not work as there is no id in the let todo, only name and title. To make it work, you would need to use:

<div v-bind:key="i" v-for="(todo, i) in todos">

Alternatively, you can simply use :key="i". The key serves as a unique identifier for each element in a loop, helping Vue to differentiate between them.

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