Can you explain the function of MathUtils.euclideanModulo and how it sets itself apart from the traditional modulo operation?

I'm a little puzzled by the euclideanModulo function in threejs's mathutils. I understand the concept of the modulo operator, but the euclideanModulo function seems to work differently.

( ( n % m ) + m ) % m

I tried researching the meaning of "Euclidean," but all I found was a definition related to Euclid's geometry. This didn't really help me understand the function.

Euclidean: relating to or denoting the system of geometry based on the work of Euclid and corresponding to the geometry of ordinary experience.

Can someone clarify this for me? I'm struggling to find a more in-depth explanation anywhere.

javascriptthree.jsmodulo

Answer №1

A commonly known bug in Javascript involves modulo calculations with negative numbers. Imagine x % 4 as a wheel of numbers:

https://i.sstatic.net/6NR9v.jpg

  • When x transitions from 0 to positive numbers, the results are: 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, ....
  • When x transitions from 0 to negative numbers, the results are: 0, 3, 2, 1, 0, 3, 2, ...

However, in JavaScript, when you calculate -5 % 4, the result is -1, which is incorrect. It's not even a valid answer. How can a negative remainder exist?! The correct answer should be 3. Below is a comparison of correct answers versus incorrect answers in Javascript:

1 % 4 = 1   // JS result: 1
0 % 4 = 0   // JS result: 0
-1 % 4 = 3  // JS result: -1
-2 % 4 = 2  // JS result: -2
-3 % 4 = 1  // JS result: -3
-4 % 4 = 0  // JS result: -0
-5 % 4 = 3  // JS result: -1

To simplify things, Three.js provides a utility to correctly handle this JavaScript bug. Using 

THREE.MathUtils.euclideanModulo(-5, 4)
will give you the accurate result of 3.

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