In order to extract the event argument from a standard function invocation, developers often refer to callback functions as a solution:
document.addEventListener('something', function(e){e.target.parentNode...etc});
The following snippet showcases my implementation:
<div class="options">
<div onclick="controller.question_type('circleTheCorrectAnswer')">Circle The Correct Answer</div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
const controller = (()=>{
const question_type = (x)=>{
console.log(x.target.parentNode);
console.log(x.target);
}
return {
question_type: question_type
}
})();
</script>